A moment in History free essay sample

There will consistently be obliviousness, and numbness prompts dread. Be that as it may, with time, individuals will come to acknowledge their silicon aces. (Bill Gates). The endowment of power has affected our country in a few different ways, yet the fundamental key factors with regards to why Its significant Is correspondence, amusement, and business. Correspondence Is utilized regularly In different manners. Some appreciate the regular eye to eye discussions, while others incline toward testing, chatting on PDAs, and utilizing long range interpersonal communication destinations. Testing is likely the quickest method to get a message to somebody that may not lived in a similar zone as you.Having that Instant informing accessible makes people groups lives a lot simpler in light of the fact that they get a fast reaction time. That creates an ease If somebody had been harmed or lost. Most youngsters have adjusted to the standard of testing Instead of shopping center or even face-and so forth;- face correspondence since its more easy to understand. In any case, Email Is additionally an extraordinary device to use to send introductions and activities to each other. We will compose a custom exposition test on A crossroads in History or then again any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page You may have not had the option to deal with It as every now and again as you might want to and having an accomplice can dispose of that pressure. One accomplice may want to accomplish all the work and that is the place E-mail comes In. It gives you snappy and simple access to address every others work and even extra to your work. The utilization of informal communication Is a ground-breaking thing. The manners in which It can be utilized are hugely gainful just as destructive. Having power makes our PCs run. Having our PCs run lead to the Internet. Web prompts long range informal communication, etc. Staying in contact with your loved ones Is a wonderful thing to encounter and become all around adjusted with. Approaching long range interpersonal communication locales can permit you to share photographs and statuses to other people.Although there are a few advantages, the manner in which person to person communication can be utilized can be brutal and remorseless. Having power Is incredible and I love It, however how power Is utilized as the mother of abhor and brutality can offend and yours too. Simply equivalent to testing. Individuals can be harmed by the photos being sent to each other since the power awards them endorsement of sending things Instantly to companions. Power has been an extraordinary Installation, however having power accompanies an incredible danger of mocking and harassment.By distortion generally speaking ways, yet the primary key factors with regards to why its significant is correspondence, Communication is utilized ordinarily in different ways. Some appreciate the basic somebody that may not lived in a similar territory as you. Having that texting time. That creates an alleviate on the off chance that somebody had been harmed or lost. Most adolescents have adjusted to the standard of testing rather than mail or even up close and personal correspondence since its more easy to use. Be that as it may, Email is likewise an incredible device to use to send introductions and undertakings to each other. You may have not had the option to take a shot at it One accomplice may want to accomplish all the work and that is the place E-mail comes in.It gives The utilization of interpersonal interaction is an incredible thing. The manners in which it very well may be utilized are run. Having our PCs run lead to the web. Web prompts informal communication, etc. Staying in contact with your loved ones is an excellent exceptionally brutal and coldblooded. Having power is incredible and I love it, however how power is utilized as the mother of detest and brutality can offend and to each other since the power awards them endorsement of sending things immediately to companions. Power has been an incredible establishment.

Society of Composers, Authors and Music Publishers of Canada v. Bell Research Proposal

Society of Composers, Authors and Music Publishers of Canada v. Ringer Canada - Research Proposal Example case between the Society of Composers, Authors, and Music Publishers of Canada and Bell Canada rose up out of the issue that exists on the degree of the option to get to copyrighted data (Hovenkamp 48). With the laws that oversee protected innovation being sure about the lawfulness of the constrained access to copyrighted melodies on the web, the interest for sovereignty from the creators creates turmoil on the degree of defended free access to such tunes. The case between the two substances makes one wonder of where to adhere to a meaningful boundary between the opportunity for data get to and the copyright laws. This examination expects to investigate the perfection of the Canadian copyright laws that specify that the free reviews contain reasonable managing for the goal of research. This examination pivots upon strategies and instruments that expect to reveal answers to the exploration questions. The chose strategies for look into exude from the huge research needs. The sources that the examination uses are additionally open and accessible for investigation. This investigation will contemplate some lawful standards and convictions as with respect to the use of the copyright law and the privilege of access to data in Canada and the world through. The investigation will focus on the data that exists and the interrelation of various substances on the legitimacy and hugeness of copyright laws in a general public with unique enthusiasm to Canada and concentrating on the Society of Composers, Authors, and Music Publishers of Canada v. Ringer Canada situation. The examination will utilize various strategies for examinations in particular, narrative sources, meetings and surveys. The narrative sources to utilize will incorporate both the distributed an unpublished mater ial concentrating on the lawful parts of data in the public eye and the perspective on various substances in the opportunity and need of access to data. The narrative sourced that the exploration intends to apply incorporates past research materials, distributed and

Event Planning with Mind Maps (Tutorial + Example)

Event Planning with Mind Maps (Tutorial + Example) Whether you’re planning a wedding, a press conference  or a corporate event, maintaining  a good overview of all your resources, tasks, deadlines and stakeholders is key.  A mind map  is  a fantastic format for event planning  as it enables you to collect all information related to the event in a centralized place, invite your co-organizers to collaborate with you, and go efficiently  from brainstorming to execution. To make things a little less theoretical, were going to use a practical example to explain the method of event planning with mind maps. Imagine the following scenario: Jess and Jim are fashion stylists whove just started their own styling agency. To launch their new business with a boom, theyre organizing a press event for local fashion journalists where they can showcase their work. Looking for even more ways to use mind maps? Get inspired with these 13 mind map examples. Event Planning with Mind Maps Step by Step 1. Create and Share Your Mind Map Create a new mind map, write the name of your event in the center of the map and then create 4-6 branches around it. For our example, and for a lot of other events, the following organization of branches works well: Once the  basic structure of your map is finished, share it  with your co-organizers either via email or via link so you can brainstorm and work  out the details  together. 2. Note Down the Basics Use the INFO branch to note down the budget you  have available, the events date and time, and everyones responsibilities. This branch will subsequently offer you a quick overview of the most important event details. Tip: To determine  the best date and time for your  event, first check  the calendar to ensure you dont  have to compete with other major events or holidays. In our example, Jess and Jim would have made sure not to hold the event during New York  Fashion Week or Berlin Premium. 3. Whos Coming? Unless youre planning a  birthday party for your loner cat, the number of invitees is probably too big to write the name of every single person in your mind map.  A Google Sheet or Excel file is much better suited for a complete guest list with names, email addresses and phone numbers, and anyway, you can easily attach the file (or add a  link to the Google Sheet) to your mind map. If the event isnt too big, however, you may find it useful to  include an overview of the organizing team and key personell in the map itself.  You can add peoples  contact details in the notes section of their names to ensure the map doesnt get too cluttered. 4. Find a Suitable Location If you already know the location for your event, you can note down the address in the LOCATION branch right away. Jess and Jim from our example werent sure where to hold their event at first, so they used a separate mind map to brainstorm ideas and consider the pros and cons of each venue. After careful consideration, they  decided that renting a big photo studio in the city would be ideal  for their press event, as it would be easy to reach for journalists, not too expensive, and offer a fitting space to showcase their work. Jess and Jim already know a few studios in the city, so all they have to do is find out which one is available for rent at their preferred date and for an amount that fits their  budget. They create tasks for all of these to-dos in the LOCATION branch  and assign them to Donna, their assistant whos responsible for all things related to the venue. Tip:  Be sure to use  whole sentences or phrases in those topics that are used as  tasks. If  you decide to export the tasks into a separate  project management tool such as MeisterTask, you wont see the context of the mind map, so single keywords may not offer enough information anymore. 5. Plan the Program for  Your Event In the PROGRAM  branch you can outline  the main agenda items and note down the estimated  starting times of each one. The key to successful event planning is to be realistic with your estimations and keep in mind that things often take longer than expected. Now, think about all the smaller things that happen before, during and in-between those main items, starting at the beginning: How will  guests get to the locationâ€"do you need to organize any sort of transport? What will the weather be like at the time of the eventâ€"will you need  a cloakroom and attendant? Who will hand guests the welcome drink and how many bottles of each beverage will you need? Who will take away empty glasses from tables? Are there even tables at the venue, and if so, are there enough? You can add topics and tasks  to the agenda items themselves or  insert them into another related branch. Things that arent directly related to location, marketing, or people just go into the GENERAL branch of your mind map. Tip: A good way to find holes and oversights in your event planning  is to visit  the location and do a walk-through as if you were one of the guests. 6. Marketing  PR Which  marketing and PR activities youll need to plan largely depends on the type of event youre organizing. For a wedding, the only item in this branch might be Send invitations. For a large-scale conference, the marketing would include anything from setting up a website to creating an email drip campaign and social media profiles. In our example, Jess and Jim add the following tasks to their map: 7. Go from Planning to Execution Once the planning phase is concluded, its time to get to work. By now your mind map  probably holds quite a big number of tasks. If you want, you can just leave them right there  and use the map itself as your task management platform. In addition to assigning tasks to map collaborators you can add due dates and priorities in MindMeister, and indicate the  completion of tasks. For bigger events, however,  you may find that the mind map is not the best format to manage all tasks. Luckily, going from planning in a mind map to execution in a task management tool is simple and only takes a few seconds. If youve signed up for MindMeisters little brother MeisterTask (using your existing MindMeister login details) you can simply open the MeisterTask footer in the mind map and create a new project board. All mind map collaborators will automatically be invited to the project, and all tasks will be exported immediately. In the MeisterTask project board you can then  create a workflow that fits your needs (e.g. using the Kanban method) and organize tasks accordingly. For more information about the workflow between MindMeister and MeisterTask, you can take a look at our short demo video or read more on our website. Plan Your Next Event With MindMeister Try it now!

Environmental Issues Of Environmental Justice - 1746 Words

Environmental justice is a term coined in the United States that usually deals with two different things. One is the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color, national origin, or income with respect to the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies. The other is a mixed body of social science literature pertaining to anything from environmental laws to political ecology. Primarily based around the concept of injustices carried out by energy companies, environmental injustice is still a rampant problem in todays wide variety of social justice issues. While the prior two meanings mentioned are the main ones, some other definitions include equitable†¦show more content†¦These are seen as environmental discrimination because the companies are placing possibly toxic facilities in these specific areas where the residents do not often have the means to fight back against them. Due to the results of that study, waste dumps and waste incinerators have been the target of environmental justice lawsuits and protests. Several of the most popular Environmental Justice lawsuits are based off of violations of civil rights laws. The first instance to use civil rights as a way to challenge the placement of a waste-management facility was in 1979. The Northeast Community Action Group, or NECAG, was created by African American residents in a middle-class neighborhood in order to keep a landfill out of their home town. This group is recognized as the first organization that found the connection between race and pollution. The group, alongside their attorney Linda McKeever Bullard started the lawsuit Bean v. Southwestern Waste Management, Inc., which was the first of its kind to challenge the sitting of a waste facility under civil rights law. The Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, which was used many times to defend minority rights during the 1960s, has also been used in numerous Environmental Justice cases. Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is sometimes used in lawsuits that are fighting environmental inequality. Section 601 prohibitsShow MoreRelatedEnvironmental Justice Issue Of Environmental Discrimination Into The Great Lakes Restoration Initiative1748 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction I propose to add the environmental justice issue of environmental discrimination into the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative. To do so, I will investigate specific issues and regulation deficiencies that are negatively impacting the Great Lakes’ reserves, and develop a plan of action on your behalf. As you are aware, protecting the Great Lakes is critically important. It is not only the largest source of freshwater in the United States but in the whole world. Indiana, IllinoisRead More Education and Awareness Will Promote Environmental Justice Essay example1498 Words   |  6 PagesEducation and Awareness Will Promote Environmental Justice The goals of this environmental justice conference are stated simply: firstly, to explore whether racial minorities and the poor are being environmentally victimized, and secondly, to evaluate public policies that promote environmental fairness. Each speaker provided insight and information from their respective area of expertise. Led by keynote speaker Dr. Bunyan Bryant, they drew upon the realms of academic investigation, governmentRead MoreThe Priorities Of The United States Public Policy Making Process949 Words   |  4 Pagessafety due to environmental issues, perhaps our policy makers should address the issues we face daily while living in our communities. The environmental issues extend beyond unhealthy, and risky conditions due to waste management and unsustainable lifestyles. The environmental issues we face are dispersed unevenly in communities, especially in urban areas among minorities. The unequitable dispersal of environmental hazards, transforms a physical resource p roblem into one of social justice and politicalRead MoreResearch Proposal On Environmental Racism And Environmental Justice Essay1172 Words   |  5 PagesPhil 1404: Environmental Racism and Environmental Justice May 30, 2016 Andy Stanford (Instructor) This will be my paper research proposal on behave of the unit 8 Learning assignment as per requested; The Brief summary of my topic will be An environmental Justice / Environmental RacismRead MoreIntroduction To reach a more sustainable world, everyones cooperation and participation are1200 Words   |  5 Pagessurroundings and natural environment which, in together, is the so-called environment. In order to achieve the equality, the concept of environmental justice was developed, that is originally from the unequal distribution of toxic pollutants in an African-American community. As an ongoing framing process, environmental justice has been expanding into more issues and aspects, also horizontally and vertically. It also moves from a rather anthropocentric view to more emphasisation on natural environmentRead MoreEssay on Environmental Racism1450 Words   |  6 PagesWhen one discusses acts of racism, slander or the stereotyping of a group of people may come to mind. However, the concept of environmental racism is rarely considered. This form of racism positions dominant environmental framing as racially driven, in which people of color (i.e. minorities) are affected disproportionatel y by poor environmental practices. Communities of color throughout the United States have become the dumping grounds for our nation’s waste disposal, as well as home to agriculturalRead MoreEnvironmental Justice And Sustainable Development931 Words   |  4 Pageswith a low income have greater health and environmental risks (Bullard Johnson, 2000). Not all communities are created equal because the United States lacks environmental justice. It is important to treat all people fairly in the community regardless of race, color, national origin, or income. Everyone should have equal involvement in the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies. Environmental justice relates to sustainable development becauseRead MoreEnvironmental Justice And Its Effects On The Environment1583 Words   |  7 PagesEnvironmental Justice Living in a highly industrialized world that is ruled by capitalism, the concern for the environment often takes a back seat. Individuals or companies nowadays prioritize achieving optimal profit without putting into mind what their respective actions or productions may have an effect on the environment. They do not realize how important the role of our environment plays in the quality of human life. We can say that a good environment leads to a better quality life, while aRead MoreEnvironmental Inequalities Of The Urban Environment William F Aburel Summary1640 Words   |  7 Pages1 Debates on environmental inequalities Another approach to the urban environment William F Aburel Summary: Unlike other countries, the issue of environmental inequalities, although present in the official speeches, France suffers from a lack of political ambition. The idea defended here is that the design Historical (technical-normative) institutional environment, so the observation mechanisms and action historically constituted by administrations, hinders the emergence of this issue, including aRead MoreThe Importance Of The Environmental Justice Act Of 2016774 Words   |  4 PagesI urge you to support the â€Å"Environmental Justice Act of 2017† that requires the commitment of federal agencies with environmental justice to eliminate the environmental disparity for communities most affected. Minority and low-income communities often suffer a disproportionate share of environmental costs that may lead to detrimental health outcomes. As a college student in Boston, my name is Ashley Chin and I support the â€Å"Environmental Justice Act of 2017†. Access to quality healthcare, environment

Violent Crimes - 1315 Words

There is nothing that has done more to tear American families apart than the existence of violent crimes, guns, gangs, drugs, and the fear that walks alongside those terrors. In a violent crime, a victim is harmed by or threatened with violence. Violent crimes include rape and sexual assault, robbery, assault and murder. Violent crime and victim rights are on the rise of major concern for most of the citizens in the United States of America. | â€Å"When a man is denied the right to live the life he believes in, he has no choice but to become an outlaw† (Nelson Mandea). There are many Americans have become victims of violent crimes. In these violent acts of crimes guns, gangs, wars, drugs and even mental disorders may be the cause to commit†¦show more content†¦(MacBradaigh, 2013) Most of these individual are not properly trained to use their weapon and not only that but they purchase them illegal. They learn to use them from fellow gang members or from movie, television, and more commonly video games. The investigations into violent crimes today are starting to reveal that one of the reason individuals are harming others is because they are mentally unstable and suffer from some sort of mental disability. The fact is â€Å"the proportion of Americans who describe mental illness in terms consistent with violent or dangerous behavior nearly doubled.† Also, the vast majority of Americans believe that persons with mental illnesses pose a threat for violence towards others and themselves (Pescosolido, 1999). There are many individuals with mental disabilities that tend to lash out on people, not because they want to, it is just a defense because they know they are not normal. Take people with turrets for example: They scream and hit because they get so frustrated because they can’t complete simple task like normal individuals like brushes their teeth without suffering a twitch so they get upset with themselves and hit things. A violent crime that has recently taken place in a Colorado Movie Theater shooting. The shooter himself suffered from a mental illness and it caused him to act out violently. Though it doesn’t give him the right to do what he did it shows how an unstable mind can causeShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Violent Crime1319 Words   |  6 PagesViolent crime is a completely human characteristic. It has dominated our history books, been sensationalized by the media and created a pervasive fear which dominates our culture. Is there a way to possibly prevent violent crime? Neurocriminology, a classification of criminology centered on neuroscience and its relationship between the causes and cures of crime, may have the answer to that question. Adrian Raine, a criminal psychologist for more than thirty years, proposes that criminal behaviorRead MoreA Brief Note On Crime And Violent Crime982 Words   |  4 Pagesdisproportionately exposes violent crime because is more serious, but with crime in Canada at an all time low, why is it that the media only advertises the numbers associated with violent crime to be at an all time low and not all crime. How does online news outlets cover the decrease in crime in relation to violent crime and non-violent crime? The variables that will be used are online news outlets stories and articles regarding the crime drop, and the reduction in crime (violent vs non violent). The sampleRead MoreViolent Crimes : A Violent Crime Essay2291 Words   |  10 Pages Brian McMahon Project Analysis of Violent Crimes Prof. Angela Madden â€Æ' Abstract Violent crimes happen every day in America, yet the full scope of why and how they happen are not understood by many outside of law enforcement. But within the ranks of law enforcement and the criminal justice system itself, violent crimes are examined and analyzed at length to determine both how and why the incident occurred, as well as what can be done in the future to prevent a similar event fromRead MoreA Crime is A Crime: Violent and non-Violent Criminals Essay607 Words   |  3 PagesSome people argue that non-violent criminals shouldn’t be incarcerated because it’s such a huge financial drain on society. Well in my opinion a non-violent criminal is still a criminal; the only difference is they weren’t violent at that particular time. Many crimes have been committed without any physical abuse. Who’s to say the next time they decide to break the law they won’t become violent or a threat to someone. Furthermore, I believe if you do the crime, you have to do the time. In today’sRead MoreViolent Video Games Cause Violent Crime1123 Words   |  5 Pagesyears is, do violent video games lead to violent crime? Most people would think that the answer is a simple yes or no answer, but it’s not. This type of correlation is not all black and white; there is a lot of misconception and misunderstanding about it. In this paper, I will be discussing the history of violent video games. I will include scientific studies done on violent video games. I will include various crime cases involving video games. I will discuss the effects of violent video games. LastlyRead MoreMental Illness and Violent Crime1184 Words   |  5 Pagesin general, believe that people with mental illness are more likely to commit violent crime with those without mental illness. In their study they seek to find evidence to that statement – to learn if having a mental illness increases the likeliness of violent crime and recidivism after release from prison. This a uthor seeks to discover the same using similar data to learn if there is a connection between violent crime and mental illness. The data gathered in the Teplin, Abram McClelland (1994)Read MoreCriminal Intelligence and Violent Crime Essay1094 Words   |  5 PagesCrime Intelligence Analysis Violent Crimes Katelyn Shawver American Military University Introduction Criminal intelligence analysis is useful in many areas to law enforcement. It is especially useful in apprehending violent criminals and preventing violent crimes. Violent crimes in the United States have been on a moderate decline over the past decade. This decline has been attributed to the crime analysis intelligence used by law enforcement. Prevention of violent crimeRead MoreThe Violent Crimes Of Rape Crimes Essay1869 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Violent crime may be defined as any crime wherein one person intentionally inflicts physical injury upon the body of another person. Some crimes categorized as violent crimes are as follows: assault/battery, robbery, sexual assault, and various other crimes of befitting characteristics (Rivera, 2016). A surprisingly growing issue is rape crimes specifically targeting young female students on university grounds. The violent crimes reported percentage rate had risen yearly for institutionsRead MoreViolent Crime And Property Crime1935 Words   |  8 Pagesthis paper it is going to discuss violent crime and property crime. It will be discussing the different types of violent crimes and property crimes that exist. The differences between the two crimes and there impact on the United States. The statistics of violent crime compared to property crime in the year 2012. There are many things that may surprise you when it comes to the crime rate in 2012 compared to 2011 and before then. Violent crime vs. Property crime I am going to beginRead MoreGun Control Laws Limit Violent Crime1385 Words   |  6 Pagesbetween strict gun control measures and reducing violent crime rates in US states. It is time to ensure that our Constitution is upheld to protect the ideals of American democracy. The proposal of restricting US citizens from purchasing firearms is invalid because they are protected to do so under the Constitution, strict government regulations on other harmful products have not been effective in the past, and the idea that gun control laws limit violent crime is a misconception. As Americans and lovers

Tragedy to Triumph Free Essays

Julia Klein Mr. Tuz History Block 3 23 October 2012 Tragedy to Triumph There has been no greater, more unforgettable tragedy in America’s modern history than what took place on September 11, 2001. It was a horrifying day that ended 2,996 lives: 2,977 victims and 19 hijackers, but eventually created a new beginning of change for the better of the nation (The 9/11 Commission Report). We will write a custom essay sample on Tragedy to Triumph or any similar topic only for you Order Now A decade after the 9/11 attacks reshaped several facets of life in America. Life and travel in America has changed significantly over the past decade (Shanty). As an immediate response for our nation’s safety, there were some temporary changes made, while other changes have resulted in lasting transformations of our country (Villemez). A traumatizing day for many, 9/11 created a national burden of prejudice, brought about much needed changes of transforming our travel, and altered our government, which all eventually helped strengthen America. Obviously, not all of the changes that resulted from the September 11th tragedy were beneficial to the nation, especially the Anti-Islam Sentiment that was developed (Jamil). America’s 2. 6 million Muslims have constantly found themselves facing resentment and hostility during the years after 9/11 (9/11: ‘The Day the World Changed). Some Americans had responded to the September 11 terrorist attacks with extreme terror, as well as a growing intolerance against people who were, or simply just appeared to be from the Middle East. Immediately after the attacks, the government searched for suspects internationally, and numerous Muslims in the U. S. reported that they were the victims of hate crimes and harassment (Villemez). After the attacks, Islamic violence in America increased greatly. According to the FBI, 28 hate crimes in 2000 were found to be anti-Islamic, while that number rose rapidly to 481, and remains above 100 a decade later (The 9/11 Commission Report). There has also been a significant growth of religious division and public distrust of Muslims in America (9/11: ‘The Day the World Changed). â€Å"The perception many Americans share today is that â€Å"terrorism† and â€Å"Islam† are synonymous. This is not true, because those terrorists are not true Muslims, and do not represent Islam, any more than the KKK represented Christianity. Unfortunately, people’s ignorance has led many to shape a negative attitude about Islam,† Basir Jamil shares his disappointed perspective on the hot topic of Anti-Islam Sentiment (Jamil). Jamil was born in America, but has a Pakistan background. Throughout his childhood, he has personally encountered racism and extremism that resulted from 9/11. He said he â€Å"endured snide comments, people calling me â€Å"terrorist,† and people generally hating me for no reason but my race and religion† (Jamil). Though it is accurate that concerns about extremism involving a tiny minority are justified, as a few of the terrorist plots since 9/11 did involve Muslim citizens who purposely tried to harm the United States, it is also equally believed that the larger community of American Muslims has. Throughout the last decade, there has been a gravely unjust burden of prejudice and misunderstanding in America. Another immediate change, which occurred as a result of 9/11, was to take new measures of safety in our Nation’s security. Most of the security changes after the attacks took place in the airports (Villemez). A couple months after the attacks, Congress passed the Aviation and Transportation Security Act. This created the Transportation Security Administration that secures all transportation systems and insures air travel safety (Johnstone). The TSA implemented new procedures, which included more rigid guidelines on screening. After 9/11 as new threats were being discovered, new procedures were being introduced including removing shoes and banning all liquids. Airplanes also underwent major changes including fortified cockpit doors becoming more common, and less first-class cabin curtains being used by many airlines (Villemez). Pilots can now become a federal flight deck officer by applying, which gives them the right to carry a gun and serve as a federal officer. In order to compensate for the extra security costs, a â€Å"Sept. 11 fee† was added onto passengers’ tickets. The TSA has collected nearly $15 billion over nine years (Shanty). Besides air travel, railways and mass transit systems now have checkpoint regulations that allow law enforcement to randomly search personal property and bags. Also random stops at major tunnels were greatly increased to include checkpoint searches at the discretion of law enforcement (Johnstone). The improvement of security in travels shows the tremendous impact of 9/11, but it also is clearly evident in the policies adopted by the U. S. government immediately after the tragedy (Villemez). Former President George W. Bush passed a considerable amount of U. S. legislation to strengthen U. S. National Security (The 9/11 Commission Report). The Patriot Act may be the most obvious piece of legislation relating to Sept. 11. In the 2002, there were more than 130 pieces of 9/11-related legislation introduced in the 107th Congress, with 48 bills and resolutions signed into law. The Patriot Act made it easier for law enforcement agencies to search telephone, medical and financial records (Villemez). Along with the Aviation and Transportation Security Act, they included the Enhanced Border Security and Visa Entry Reform Act. This required the State Department and Immigration to exchange visa and immigrant data with each other (Shanty). According to The Washington Post, there were 263 government organizations created following the attacks. Government agencies created after 9/11 included the Department of Homeland Security. The Homeland Security Act of 2002 combined over 200 government agencies including the TSA, Immigration and Customs Enforcement, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the National Guard, and the Secret Service (The 9/11 Commission Report). The government plays a very significant role in our nation, and played their role well by closing most of the holes of insecurity effectively. A decade is a lengthy time, but perhaps not quite long enough for a country to bounce back from the biggest terrorist attack on its soil. Security measures have been extended, but Americans are still feeling the impact of what happened on that early fall day. Though this incident caused a lasting legacy of terror in many, it also brought America closer as one nation (Villemez). â€Å"Instead of turning us against each other, tragedy has brought us together. (†¦) This country was built as a beacon of freedom and tolerance. That’s what’s made us strong, now and forever,† Obama says as he realizes the affect of 9/11 on the country, and the importance of the nation moving forward as one nation and one people (The 9/11 Commission Report). Instead of pulling back from the world, our alliances have been strengthened while security at home has tremendously improved. America now has a renewed sense of pride and unity (9/11: ‘The Day the World Changed’). People have begun to realize just how precious every moment we have in life is and how fortunate we are to live in a country that gives us the freedom to live as we please. This day will never be forgotten, lives were lost, lessons were learned, and a stronger America has emerged. Works Consulted â€Å"9/11: ‘The Day the World Changed’. † Issue Focus. Sept. 11 2002: n. p. SIRS Government Reporter. Web. 20 Oct 2012. Jamil, Basir. â€Å"Growing up Muslim after 9/11. † Baltimore Sun. N. p. 12 Sept. 2010. Web. 21 Oct. 2012. Johnstone, R. William. â€Å"Not Safe Enough: Fixing Transportation Security. † Issues in Science and Technology Vol. XXIII No. 2. Winter 2007: 51-60. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 20 Oct 2012. Shanty, Frank. â€Å"Ten Years on Background. † American History. ABC-CLIO, 2012. Web. 11 Sept. 2012. The 9/11 Commission Report: Final R eport of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United States. New York: Norton, 2004. Print. Villemez, Jason, and Dalia Mortada. â€Å"9/11 to Now: Ways We Have Changed. † PBS. PBS, 14 Sept. 2011. Web. 21 Oct. 2012. How to cite Tragedy to Triumph, Papers

Political Thought Essays (1508 words) - Republicanism,

Political Thought Political thought is only a surrogate or substitute for more genuine political action. This is one theory that has sparked much thought and when examined it may be seen quite differently. For one, an argument can be made that indeed this political thought may substitute political action. On the other hand, political thought can serve as a great inspiration or spark political action. Thirdly, political thought may not have anything to do with more genuine political action but instead it may be purely theoretical and hypothetical. Examples of these three arguments may be made out of the works of Locke, Plato, Machiavelli, as well as other historical aspects of both political thought and action. Political thought can indeed be a substitute for more genuine political action. Many writers and political thinkers offer many theories about politics that may not be intended to cause political action. Many theories are also offered but may not be implemented into the political arena directly or indirectly. For example, Machiavelli's The Prince, has been viewed as a substitute for political action. Many feel that Machiavelli wrote The Prince as a guidebook for his own prince Lorenzo de Medici, to promote himself into the political arena of Italy. Machiavelli dedicates this book to Medici, leader of the family who overthrew the government he worked for. One may argue that the book is a masterful act of political deception, filled with intentional bad advice he hoped Medici would follow. Machiavelli aimed to trip him up bad enough to make him lose power enabling a new republic to come in. Others feel that the dedication of the book and the use of flattery are used as a means of setting himself up to function as a political advisor. By using flattery, he thought Medici would be impressed enough with him to ask Machiavelli to work for him. Machiavelli hoped to ensure himself a position with the Medici government, a government that he hoped to carry out his main goal which was the elimination of the papacy and through the dedication suck Medici into Machiavelli's unraveling plans for him. Nonetheless whatever Machiavelli's intent was, his attempts to unravel the Medici government obviously did not pan out the way he thought it would. In fact, the book was not published until after his death in 1532. Even then the book provoked controversy and was quickly condemned by Pope Clement VIII. The book, with its various theories about its intent, goes to prove that Machiavelli was using it as a clear substitute for a more ?genuine? political action such as raising a real attempt to take over and promote himself high up into Italy's political arena. His theories and thought were just a substitute for something that he envisioned for himself. Aside from being a substitute political thought can serve an inspiration to more genuine political action. Works such as John Locke's Two Treatises of Government, as well as Machiavelli's The Prince, have been proven to spark revolt and revolution among other types of political action. Locke's works have exercised enormous influence in both England and America. In his Two Treatises of Government Locke set forth the view that: ?The state exists to preserve the natural rights of its citizens. When governments fail in that task, citizens have the right and sometimes duty to withdraw their support and even to rebel.? This view can clearly be seen in the act of the American Revolution against Britain and is a fundamental principal of many of society's constitutional democracies. Locke's views influenced many people especially Thomas Jefferson in America's fight for freedom and its Declaration of Independence. Drafted by Jefferson, the Declaration of Independence contained the ideas of individual liberty that had been expressed by views of John Locke. Locke maintained that: the social contract preserved the preexistent natural rights of the individual to life, liberty, and property, and the enjoyment of private rights, the pursuit of happiness led, in civil society, to the common good.? This clearly influenced the Bill of Rights in the Constitution of the United States. Locke's notion of government was a limited one and his views on government were also deeply reflected in the US Constitution: ?The checks and balances among government and true

Forestry Jobs, Careers, and Employment

Forestry Jobs, Careers, and Employment According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the largest employers of forestry personnel are the state and federal governments. However, the government is not the only source for forestry employment. The forest products industry is a very large employer and routinely hires foresters, forestry technicians and forestry workers throughout the United States and Canada. They usually hire foresters to work on company lands or to purchase wood for their mills. There are also forestry consultants. You may get your first start as an employee of a large consulting forestry firm who generally works for anyone needing forestry assistance. They do it all, either for a flat fee or a percentage of the sale of timber. Becoming a Forester A professional forester has a minimum of a Bachelor of Science (BS) degree in forestry. This degree has to be earned at an accredited forestry school and is usually a minimum entry-level requirement for becoming either a registered or licensed forester in many states, or to become a Certified Forester by the Society of American Foresters (SAF). Foresters are being trained and hired all over the world. Much of what a forester learns is in addition to formal training (see more on what a forester needs to know). Foresters spend considerable time outdoors the first years of their careers. Typical entry-level responsibilities might include measuring and grading trees, evaluating insect outbreaks, conducting land surveys, working in an urban park, evaluating water quality, fighting wildfires, managing prescribed fires, laying out a road system, planting seedlings, and planning  recreational use of forestlands. Duties of a Forester Many foresters manage forested property or purchase timber from timbered lands. An industrial forester may procure timber from private landowners. Doing this entails contacting local forest owners, quantifying the inventory, and appraising the timbers worth. A forester may have to deal with loggers, aid in road layout, and make sure the work meets landowner requirements. He also must deal with state and federal environmental specifications to qualify for types of cost-share practices or maintain appropriate site quality. Foresters who work for state and federal governments manage public forests and parks and also work with private landowners to protect and manage forest land outside of the public domain. They may also design campgrounds and recreational areas. A consulting forester hangs up his own shingle and privately assists people and organizations that need forestry help (see more on what a forester does). After several years of on-the-ground experience and crew supervision, foresters typically advance to preparing reports, public relations, and managing budgets. Many foresters become top executives in public agencies, conservation organizations, and corporations. Others become consultants offering specific forestry services and skills that they develop as they gain experience and knowledge. The Forestry Technician Generally working under the direction of a professional forester,  forestry technicians  compile data on the characteristics of forest land tracts such as size, content, and condition. These workers travel through  sections of forest to gather basic information such as species and the population of trees, disease and insect damage, tree seedling mortality, and conditions that may cause fire danger.​ A technician normally has completed a two-year degree in forest technology from a  SAF recognized forestry technical school. They generally collect the information used to make forest resource decisions. Technical career advancement and ultimate salary levels are usually less than for foresters, however, technicians often have the opportunity to work more in the field than behind a desk. Forest and Logging Workers The  BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook  defines a forestry worker as less skilled workers who perform a variety of tasks to reforest and conserve timberlands and maintain forest facilities such as roads and campsites. The forest worker is usually the hands-on employee that facilitates first-line maintenance and protecting of the forest. A sample of activities usually performed by a forest or logging worker is listed as follows: Tree planting  and reforestationPrescribed burning and fire fighting Timber stand improvement including  pesticide application Boundary  line maintenance Timber cutting  and loggingPark and trail maintenance Most forestry and logging workers develop their skills through on-the-job training. Instruction comes primarily from experienced workers. Many associations give special training, particularly for workers training to operate large, expensive machinery and equipment. Safety training is a vital part of instruction for all forestry and logging workers. Forestry and logging occupations are physically demanding. Most forestry and logging workers often do work outdoors in all kinds of weather, sometimes in isolated areas. Most logging occupations involve lifting, climbing, and other strenuous activities. Loggers work under unusually hazardous conditions. Falling trees and branches are a constant threat and so are the dangers associated with log handling operations and use of sawing equipment. Over long periods of time, hearing may be impaired by high noise levels of logging and harvesting equipment. Experience, exercise of caution, and use of proper safety measures and equipment - such as hardhats, eye and hearing protection, safety clothing, boots, and  fire shelters  - are extremely important to avoid injury. The Forestry Technician Generally working under the direction of a professional forester, forestry technicians compile data on the characteristics of forest land tracts such as size, content, and condition. These workers travel through sections of forest to gather basic information such as species and the population of trees, disease and insect damage, tree seedling mortality, and conditions that may cause fire danger. A technician normally has completed a two-year degree in forest technology from a SAF recognized forestry technical school . They generally collect the information used to make forest resource decisions. Technical career advancement and ultimate salary levels are usually less than for foresters, however, technicians often have the opportunity to work more in the field than behind a desk. Forest and Logging Workers The BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook defines a forestry worker as less skilled workers who perform a variety of tasks to reforest and conserve timberlands and maintain forest facilities such as roads and campsites. The forest worker is usually the hands-on employee that facilitates first-line maintenance and protecting of the forest. A sample of activities usually performed by a forest or logging worker is listed as follows: Tree planting and reforestationPrescribed burning and fire fightingTimber stand improvement including pesticide application Boundary line maintenance Timber cutting and loggingPark and trail maintenance Most forestry and logging workers develop their skills through on-the-job training. Instruction comes primarily from experienced workers. Many associations give special training, particularly for workers training to operate large, expensive machinery and equipment. Safety training is a vital part of instruction for all forestry and logging workers. Forestry and logging occupations are physically demanding. Most forestry and logging workers often do work outdoors in all kinds of weather, sometimes in isolated areas. Most logging occupations involve lifting, climbing, and other strenuous activities. Loggers work under unusually hazardous conditions. Falling trees and branches are a constant threat and so are the dangers associated with log handling operations and use of sawing equipment. Over long periods of time, hearing may be impaired by high noise levels of logging and harvesting equipment. Experience, exercise of caution, and use of proper safety measures and equipment - such as hardhats, eye and hearing protection, safety clothing, boots, and fire shelters - are extremely important to avoid injury.

Facts About the Olympian God Hermes

Facts About the Olympian God Hermes There are 12 canonical Olympian gods  in Greek mythology. ​Hermes  is one of the gods who live on Mount Olympus and ruled over parts of the mortal world. Lets delve into the role of Hermes in Greek mythology regarding his relationships with other gods and what he was a god of. To learn more about the other 11 Greek gods,  check out  Fast Facts About the Olympians. Name Hermes is the name of a god in Greek mythology. When the Romans adopted aspects of the Ancient Greek belief system, Hermess was renamed, Mercury.   Family Zeus and Maia are the parents of Hermes. All the children of Zeus are his siblings, but Hermes has a special younger-brotherly relationship with Apollo. Greek gods were far from perfect. In fact, they were known to be flawed and to have many sexual affairs with gods, nymphs, and mortals alike. The list of Hermess mates include Agraulos, Akalle, Antianeira, Alkidameia, Aphrodite, Aptale, Carmentis, Chthonophyle, Creusa, Daeira, Erytheia, Eupolemeia, Khione, Iphthime, Libya, Okyrrhoe, Penelopeia, Phylodameia, Polymele, Rhene, Sose, Theoboula, and  Thronia. Hermes fathered many children, who are Angelia, Eleusis, Hermaphroditos, Oreiades, Palaistra, Pan, Agreus, Nomios, Priapos, Pherespondos, Lykos, Pronomos, Abderos, Aithalides, Arabos, Autolycus, Bounos, Daphnis, Ekhion, Eleusis, Euandros, Eudoros, Eurestos, Eurytos, Kaikos, Kephalos, Keryx, Kydon, Libys, Myrtilos, Norax, Orion, Pharis, Phaunos, Polybos, and Saon. Role of Hermes For human mortals, Hermes is the god of eloquence, commerce, cunning, astronomy, music, and the art of fighting. As a god of commerce, Hermes is also known as the inventor of the alphabet, numbers, measures, and weights. As the god of the art of fighting, Hermes is a patron of gymnastics. According to Greek mythology, Hermes also cultivated the olive tree and provides refreshing sleep as well as dreams. Additionally, he is the herdsman of the dead, the protector of travelers, the giver of wealth and luck, and he protector of sacrificial animals, among other things. For gods, Hermes is credited with inventing divine worship and sacrifice. Hermes is the herald of the gods.

COMPANY STRATEGIC ANALYSIS- Starbuck Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

COMPANY STRATEGIC ANALYSIS- Starbuck - Essay Example An enterprise needs, at the very least, to define its role in the value chains based on its unique mix of strengths and weaknesses and design its processes, supporting assets and organizational structure and decision making. Firms create value for their customers by establishing a value chain within the organization. When customers recognize these values as being superior to the firm's competitors, the firm has established competitive advantage within its marketplace. Porter describes two broad ways in which firms can deliver this value: lower cost and differentiation. A lower cost emphasis is one where the firm can provide a good or service more efficiently than either the client or other competing firms; a differentiation emphasis is one where firms create superior value in the form of product or service quality. Starbucks Coffee is the leading coffee shop globally. It manages over thousands of branches across United Kingdom, Ireland, Central Europe and Asia. This study explored the competition inside the coffee shop industry. Starbucks Coffee is the most competitive company in the coffee shop industry. ... The study arrived to the conclusion that Starbucks Coffee is continuing to be the most competitive coffee company, however, since there are some competitors in the industry, Starbucks still needs the aid of Michael Porter's five forces, generic studies and cost leadership in order to stay on the top in the retail industry Company Background Starbucks, the coffee company, is the perfect example of a product that could have gone the route of a shallow brand. After all, what is so special about serving coffee As the Starbucks brand proves, this is a question that other retailers would have benefited from asking. Starbucks is full of warm, rich colors and shapes and is set up so customers have a lot to look at while waiting for their order. It is visually stimulating in a way that is pleasant to most people. Compare this to a typical coffee shop, where the customer is often subjected to bright, harsh lighting and is often in the way of traffic flow, making him or her feel vaguely uncomfortable. Accommodating fast growth also meant putting in systems to recruit, hire, and train baristas and store managers. (Student Resources:2005) Starbucks' is simply looking for passionate people who love coffee, diverse workforce which reflects their community and who enjoys what they're doing and for whom work is an extension of themselves. 16 Some 80 percent of Starbucks employees were white, 85 percent had some education beyond high school, and the average age was 26. All positions are filled internally about 60-70%. Automated staffing services between hiring managers and staffing teams and Starbucks has a user friendly field sourcing and selection tools in place. Internal movement processes and systems in place and broadly understood. (Student Resources:2005)

Successful Marketing in Japan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Successful Marketing in Japan - Essay Example This piece of paper addresses major factors that are to be considered by foreign businesses that intend to launch their lucrative business in Japan and explain what they should do to respond to the cultural myopia that prevails in Japan. Mastering the marketing in Japan Japan, being the second largest economy of the world, occupies a significant position in almost all industries and business activities worldwide. From the 1940s onwards, the country has been able to build a dominant, modern and internationally-oriented industrial economy which was based on innovative product designs, high quality production, advanced services, increased domestic consumption etc (Genzberger, 1994, p. 1). Japan is not only a strong economy in terms of production, exports, innovation, advanced services etc, but also a powerful market that large numbers of businesses from other countries seek opportunities in Japan. But, administering and mastering the marketing in Japan is considered to be a difficult ta sk. There are different barriers to marketing in Japan. Some of the major barriers to selling to Japan are import barriers, obstructive bureaucrats, non-transparent regulations, huge language barrier, conglomerate monopolies etc (Genzberger, 1994, p. 175). For any businessman from other countries to launch, run, operate and succeed in Japan’s market is therefore a difficult task, but there are many lucrative businesses that have strategically approached the market and found success in its path. As Reid (1999, p. 41) observed, even though Japanese market has long been considered to be obstructive to penetrate, experts on business in Japan have found that this is quite misleading. Various business strategies have been found to have helped foreign businesses in Japan’s market. Goodnow and Kosenko (1993) identified key strategies that North American companies used for marketing in Japan. Management philosophy, high technological capability, acceptance of Japanese subsidiar y etc are some of such effective strategies. Reid (1999, p. 41) pointed that foreign companies have not only succeeded in marketing in Japan, but also established leadership positions mainly in Japanese consumer products market. Many foreign players have turned to be established leaders in the Japanese market. For instance, Coca-Cola generates around 30 percent of its total profits from Japan, 70 percent of Dunhill’s sales are from Japanese people and IBM employs around 20,000 Japanese people. Factors to be considered by foreign corporations to conduct business in Japan Cost element While comparing the relative costs that may incur in marketing in different countries, it can be found that marketing in Japan is more costly than marketing in many other countries (Genzberger, 1994, p. 175). When it comes to various business expenditures, almost every thing including rent, salary, transportation, advertising, banking etc are highly expensive than that of other countries. Cost has been accounted to be 50 percent of all the reasons behind the failure of companies in marketing in Japan. For those corporate who have a quality product, advanced technology, innovations and more importantly those who are willing to undertake the high initial costs for market entry in the

Environmental Protection In India

Environmental Protection In India Over the years, together with a spreading of environmental consciousness, there has been a change in the traditionally-held perception that there is a trade-off between environmental quality and economic growth as people have come to believe that the two are necessarily complementary. The current focus on environment is not new-environmental considerations have been an integral part of the Indian culture. The need for conservation and sustainable use of natural resources has been expressed in Indian scriptures, more than three thousand years old and is reflected in the constitutional, legislative and policy framework as also in the international commitments of the country. Section 1: Legislations for environmental protection in India, Section 2: Indigenous Peoples, Section 3: Indigenous Peoples and Scientific Legislations Legislations for environmental protection in India Even before Indias independence in 1947, several environmental legislation existed but the real impetus for bringing about a well-developed framework came only after the UN Conference on the Human Environment (Stockholm, 1972). Under the influence of this declaration, the National Council for Environmental Policy and Planning within the Department of Science and Technology was set up in 1972. This Council later evolved into a full-fledged Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) in 1985 which today is the apex administrative body in the country for regulating and ensuring environmental protection. After the Stockholm Conference, in 1976, constitutional sanction was given to environmental concerns through the 42nd Amendment, which incorporated them into the Directive Principles of State Policy and Fundamental Rights and Duties. Since the 1970s an extensive network of environmental legislation has grown in the country. The MoEF and the pollution control boards (CPCB i.e. Central Pollution Control Board and SPCBs i.e. State Pollution Control Boards) together form the regulatory and administrative core of the sector. A policy framework has also been developed to complement the legislative provisions. The Policy Statement for Abatement of Pollution and the National Conservation Strategy and Policy Statement on Environment and Development were brought out by the MoEF in 1992, to develop and promote initiatives for the protection and improvement of the environment. The EAP (Environmental Action Programme) was formulated in 1993 with the objective of improving environmental services and integrating environmental considerations in to development programmes. Other measures have also been taken by the government to protect and preserve the environment. Several sector-specific policies have evolved, which are discussed at length in the concerned chapters. This chapter attempts to highlight only legislative initiatives towards the protection of the environment. Forests and wildlife The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, Amendment 1991 The WPA (Wildlife Protection Act), 1972, provides for protection to listed species of flora and fauna and establishes a network of ecologically-important protected areas. The WPA empowers the central and state governments to declare any area a wildlife sanctuary, national park or closed area. There is a blanket ban on carrying out any industrial activity inside these protected areas. It provides for authorities to administer and implement the Act; regulate the hunting of wild animals; protect specified plants, sanctuaries, national parks and closed areas; restrict trade or commerce in wild animals or animal articles; and miscellaneous matters. The Act prohibits hunting of animals except with permission of authorized officer when an animal has become dangerous to human life or property or so disabled or diseased as to be beyond recovery (WWF-India, 1999). The near-total prohibition on hunting was made more effective by the Amendment Act of 1991. The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 This Act was adopted to protect and conserve forests. The Act restricts the powers of the state in respect of de-reservation of forests and use of forestland for non-forest purposes (the term non-forest purpose includes clearing any forestland for cultivation of cash crops, plantation crops, horticulture or any purpose other than re-afforestation). Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (EPA) This Act is an umbrella legislation designed to provide a framework for the co-ordination of central and state authorities established under the Water (Prevention and Control) Act, 1974 and Air (Prevention and Control) Act, 1981. Under this Act, the central government is empowered to take measures necessary to protect and improve the quality of the environment by setting standards for emissions and discharges; regulating the location of industries; management of hazardous wastes, and protection of public health and welfare. From time to time the central government issues notifications under the EPA for the protection of ecologically-sensitive areas or issues guidelines for matters under the EPA. The Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986 These rules lay down the procedures for setting standards of emission or discharge of environmental pollutants. The Rules prescribe the parameters for the Central Government, under which it can issue orders of prohibition and restrictions on the location and operation of industries in different areas. The Rules lay down the procedure for taking samples, serving notice, submitting samples for analysis and laboratory reports. The functions of the laboratories are also described under the Rules along with the qualifications of the concerned analysts. The National Environment Appellate Authority Act, 1997 This Act provided for the establishment of a National Environment Appellate Authority to hear appeals with respect to restriction of areas in which any industry operation or process or class of industries, operations or processes could not carry out or would be allowed to carry out subject to certain safeguards under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. International agreements on environmental issues India has signed several multilateral environment agreements (MEA) and conventions, such as: Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of wild fauna and flora (CITES), 1973, to regulate and inhibit international commercial trade of endangered species or derivative products. Its aims to counter the economic incentives of poaching endangered species and destroying their habitat by closing off the international market. India became a party to the CITES in 1976. International trade in all wild flora and fauna in general and species covered under CITES is regulated jointly through the provisions of The Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972, the Import/Export policy of Government of India and the Customs Act 1962 (Bajaj, 1996). Convention on Biological Diversity, 1992 is a legally binding treaty. It deals with conservation of biodiversity, sustainable use of biological resources and equitable sharing of benefits arising from their sustainable use. It addresses several concerns such as including habitat preservation, intellectual property rights, and indigenous peoples rights. Indias initiatives under the Convention include the promulgation of the Wildlife (Protection) Act of 1972, amended in 1991; and participation in several international conventions such as CITES. An assessment of the legal and regulatory framework for environmental protection in India The extent of the environmental legislation network is evident from the above discussion but the enforcement of the laws has been a matter of concern. One commonly cited reason is the prevailing command and control nature of the environmental regime. Coupled with this is the prevalence of the all-or-nothing approach of the law; they do not consider the extent of violation. Fines are levied on a flat basis and in addition, there are no incentives to lower the discharges below prescribed levels. In 1995, the Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF) constituted a task force which strongly advocated the use of market-based instruments for the control of environmental pollution. Various economic incentives have been used to supplement the command-and-control policies. Depreciation allowances, exemptions from excise or customs duty payment, and arrangement of soft loans for the adoption of clean technologies are instances of such incentives. Another aspect that is evident is the shift in the focus from end-of-pipe treatment of pollution to treatment at source. The role of remote sensing and geographical information systems in natural resource management and environmental protection has also gained importance over time. An important recent development is the rise of judicial activism in the enforcement of environmental legislation. This is reflected in the growth of environment-related public litigation cases that have led the courts to take major steps such as ordering the shut-down of polluting factories. Agenda 21 highlights the need for integration of environmental concerns at all stages of policy, planning and decision-making processes including the use of an effective legal and regulatory framework, economic instruments and other incentives. These very principles were fundamental to guiding environmental protection in the country well before Rio and will be reinforced, drawing on Indias own experiences and those of other countries. The Indigenous Peoples In India, the indigenous peoples are predominantly composed of the large and diverse tribal populations scattered across several states. Anthropological literature suggests that the tribal designation arose as a colonial construct, in which all those living on the margins of mainstream agrarian society but within the structure of the Hindu caste system were delineated as primitive and tribal. In Indian languages, there is no exact equivalent for the word tribal, but close synonyms are vanavasis (forest dwellers) or adivasi (original inhabitants). The 1891 Census Report arranged different castes according to their traditional occupations, and forest tribes were assigned a separate category from that of agricultural and pastoral castes. Thus, both etymologically as well as spatially, the lives and livelihoods of tribal communities in India are intrinsically linked with forests. It has been argued that the definition of indigenous peoples as original settlers is problematic in the Indian context. Sociologists like Dube (1977) and Beteille (1998) have pointed out that tribal traditions themselves make re ­peated mention of migration of their ancestors. There is considerable evidence to suggest that several groups were pushed out of the areas that they were first settled and had to seek shelter elsewhere. Today more than 50 million of tribal people live in and around forests. There is a clear overlap between the forest and the tribal maps of the country, as well as an overlap with poverty (Poffenberger and McGean 1996) At present, about 95% of the total forest area belongs to the govern ­ment, and the tribal population of India has been divested of much of its legal communal rights. This is a major practical concern, because the rural economy of India is largely biomass-based. People are directly depen ­dent on forests and common lands for a variety of non-commercial-timber forest products for food and fuel, small timber for housing, and herbs and medicinal plants for meeting their subsistence livelihood needs. In the absence of alternative sources of livelihoods or an ability to eke out sustenance from marginal landholdings, there is a continued high level of dependence on forests for survival. The widely used state right of eminent domain allows the state to acquire private and common property for public purposes. The eminent domain right has remained supreme, overriding all other policies, laws, and regulations. It is under the right of eminent domain that the state acquires land to build infrastructure, mines, dams, and other projects. With an estimated $30 billion proposed as investment in mining-related projects in the next decade, communal land will continue to be a site of intense conflict between tribal people and the state. The encroachment of the state on forests and customary tenure rights of tribal forest-dwelling communities did not go unchallenged during the colonial and postcolonial periods. Undeterred by the provisions of the Indian Forest Act of 1927, many tribal groups have mounted a sustained challenge to the continued denial of their communal rights over forests. The example of the van panchayats (forest councils) demonstrates this point. In response to agita ­tions, the colonial government gradually recognized the existence of some local community rights over forests and their resources, and these were incorporated in the Indian Forest Act of 1927. The act provides for consti ­tuting village forests to meet local needs, and this led to the creation of forest councils in Uttar Pradesh through a new state law passed in 1931. All the de-reserved marginal reserved forests were reclassified into Class 1 forests and placed under the jurisdiction of the van panchayats, in which local tribal communities play a key role in forest administration. More than 4,000 van panchayats were created, although the area under their control did not exceed 8% of the total forest area of India. Nonetheless, they represent an example of a forest tenure system in which communal ten ­ure is recognized by law (Sarin 2003). Indigenous people and their communities represent a significant percentage of global population. They have developed over many generations, a holistic traditional scientific knowledge of their lands, natural resources and environment à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦In view of the inter ­relationship between the natural environment and its sustainable development and the cultural, social, economic and physical well-being of indigenous people, national and international efforts to implement environmentally sound and sustainable development should recognise, accommodate, promote and strengthen the role of indigenous people and their communities. The above extract from Agenda 21 (UNCED, 1992), aptly captures the need for increased recognition of indigenous people and their knowledge of natural resource management and its use in sustainable development. Integration of indigenous people and scientific forest management Indigenous forest management activities may originate in specific areas in response to specific pressures, but this does not prevent them from adopting and transforming appropriate components of scientific forest management systems through interaction and shared experience. Indeed there is a need to promote equity of forest management systems between indigenous communities and formal forestry scientists around the world (Agarwal, 1995). This process of integrating two forest management systems is essential to achieving sustainable forest management. There is no fixed method of addressing the bottlenecks in integration of indigenous and scientific knowledge, instead the methods chosen will vary according to what is appropriate and feasible within the institutional, ecological, and social environments in which they operate. The Indian Forest Policy of 1988 (MoEF, 1988) and the subsequent Government resolution on participatory forest management (MoEF, 1990) emphasise the need for peoples participation in forest management. The policy document asserts that local people should be actively involved in protection, conservation and management of forests. Hence the policy envisages a process of joint management of forests by the state government (professional foresters) and the local people. So far, out of 25 state governments, 23 states have adopted Joint Forest Management (JFM). As on the 1st January 2000, 10.24 million ha of forestlands were managed under the JFM programme through 36 075 forest protection committees (MoEF, 2000). Evidence of long standing local forest management practices can be found in various parts of India particularly in eastern and north-eastern regions. Despite increasing pressures with the increased population, regulations regarding resource use and harvest assist in managing forests in a sustainable way. As the JFM programme has evolved, there are clear indications that the programme has had considerable impact on local ecology, economics, and the people (Yadav et al., 1997). Initially the relationship between the local people and forest department was strained and lacked trust. Regular interaction and participatory learning and planning activities has facilitated an open dialogue and removed mutual distrust between officials of forest department and local people. Viewed in the light of the adaptive learning model, it was found that exchange and interaction of scientific and indigenous aspects of forest management within the context of JFM have resulted in ecological improvement and increase in average household income after four-five years of strong JFM activities. ETFRN Publication Series Local people as well as foresters identify with the JFM programme. They take pride in being part of the programme and are recognising its benefits. Based on the successful experience of JFM, irrigation, health, and agriculture sectors are also now placing an emphasis on integration of indigenous and scientific knowledge through peoples participation in resource management. However real integration of scientific and indigenous management systems is still rarely achieved, and in presenting the model I aim to make more explicit the opportunities for doing so, and highlight ways forward for the continuous process of adaptive learning. Conclusion There is a need to strengthen indigenous community institutions to allow them to function effectively and interact with outside actors. Appropriate policy reforms are required to include these institutions in government programs and schemes, and provide support for capacity building to enable them to function in a democratic and transparent manner, ensuring social and gender equity. It is necessary to identify common parameters among different indigenous community institutions and develop guiding principles, processes, and mechanisms that allow better interface between the institutions, local government, and technical agencies. To encourage sustainably productive forest management by communities, there is a need to eliminate harvesting and transport permit requirements where possible and create free forest trade zones for community enterprises in upland areas of the Northeast. Community networks should be established or strengthened to self-monitor environmental impacts of small-scale forestry enterprises. As a result of carrying colonial baggage, the Indian Forest Act and the environmental law in general still caters to the British policies with respect to Indian forests . This law is ideal tool for furthering the cause of revenue generation.Conservation and involving the people in the management of forests were not the British approach. Newer legislations such as the Forest (Conservation) Act, Wildlife Protoection Act, The Biological Diversity Act, and most recently the Scheduled Tribes Bill have made attempts to bridge this gap, with ample support from the Courts. It is time though to take up all the laws and combine them to come up with a composite and comprehensive Environmental Law that reflects the change in approach towards the environment and the indigenous people who live most integrated with it.

Faith in the Things They Carried

Henry Dobbins wears his girlfriend's pantyhose around his neck for protection and comfort. He is much more confident when he equips the stockings, therefore they act as a talisman that shield him from the evils of war. â€Å"Dobbins was invulnerable. Never wounded, never a scratch†¦ No cover at all, but he just slipped the pantyhose over his nose and breathed deep and let the magic do its work† (O' Brine 112). O'Brien uses Dobbins as an example to show the implementation of faith and hope. Through Dobbins and his close relationship with the pantyhose, It Is shown how mentality can affect reality.The stockings not only display the importance of faith and a positive attitude, but also a yearning for femininity, revealing the softer side of Dobbins. They express his longing for love and home. With the stockings, Dobbins journeys through the war untouched and fearless. â€Å"It turned us into a platoon of believers†¦ ‘No sweat,' he said. The magic doesn't go awayà ¢â‚¬  (O'Brien 112). The leggings give Dobbins a of the other platoon members. They began to make the soldiers rely on superstition rather than rationality because the twists of the Jungle were unpredictable.Even after his girlfriend dumped him, Dobbins remained immaculately brave which means hat the power of the stockings did not come from love or his memories, but Dobbin's himself. â€Å"A heroic warrior whose victories†¦ Affirm the country fundamental goodness and power† (Gibson 510). He was able to find hope more than anyone else in the platoon and because of that, Dobbins is singled out as a simple, yet unique individual who can take on the obstructions and terrors of war by simply remaining himself. Throughout the war Lieutenant Jimmy Cross, the platoon leader, can't resist reminiscing about his hungering love for Martha.His anticipation for returning home after the war only grows heavier as his thoughts overrun his mind. This uncontrollability leads to Lavender's death on which Cross can't ever forgive himself for letting happen. â€Å"Lavender was dead. You couldn't burn the blame† (O'Brien 22). His guilt and remorse builds up too point where he tries to rid his mind of the tragedy by burning his memories of Martha, changing nothing. This is essential to understanding Cross' character because no matter what harm comes his way, he ties it back to Martha.Several years after the war, Lieutenant Cross visits O'Brien house ND tells him about how Martha gave him another photo at a college reunion. When O'Brien tells Cross that he wants to write a story about Martha and Cross, Cross replies, â€Å"Why not? Maybe she'll read it and come begging. There's always hope, right? † (O'Brien 28). In the war, Lieutenant Cross puts his faith in returning to Martha because it gives him something worth fighting for. He is completely broken when he finds out she doesn't love him, yet still loves her and wants to be with her.Likewise, O'Brien teac hes through Cross that many soldier's would have the high expectations f coming home after war to find their dreams come true, clearly that is not always the case. Even though Cross isn't fully satisfied, he still believes that there is a possibility that Martha will come back to him after O'Brien writes a story of him as brave, handsome and heroic. Muff need to persist, to listen, and to give them something to hold on to, something that gives them a sense of possibility' (Kowtowing 206). Both Martha and O'Brien offer Cross something to look forward to, a reason to keep his hopes up and remain positive.

The Effects of the Cold War on the Americas - 2241 Words

The Effects of the Cold War on the Americas For nearly fifty years, the world lived in fear as two super-power nations quietly battled for power, respect and popularity of their respective political views. The Cold War arose out of the ashes of the failed alliance between the United States and the Soviet Union in World War II. Many different factors could be linked to the actual cause of the Cold War, however many agree that the political future of Eastern Europe was the major spark that ignited the battle between Communist Russia and Capitalist America1. The American fear of the spread of communism and their ambition to penetrate the Iron Curtain only added fuel to the fire that had been burning for some time already. Although the†¦show more content†¦However, that is not to say that they were the only region of the Americas that was affected. It is important to note that the Cold War was not necessarily a war against the Soviets, but rather a war against Communism, and any nation who supported it, and the United States was driven to put an end to the spread of it, no matter what part of the world in which it existed. The central focus, outside of Russia, for the US was Cuba and Fidel Castro - the Anti-American, Pro-Soviet leader of the revolutionist country. Castro, although not originally a communist, had plans of revolution that the US felt would undermine U.S. interests throughout Latin America, thus President Eisenhower planned to overthrow Castro via a CIA-led invasion12. As Castro learned of this, he established diplomatic relations with the Soviets, and signed and economic aid agreement with the Soviet Union and arms agreements with various East European countries, thus becoming the chief military and economic backer of the Soviet Bloc13. This was the groundwork for what would be the biggest threat to our world up to that point in history Ââ€" the realistic threat of an all out nuclear war that was the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962. In order to offset Americas nuclear upper hand and to deter a U.S. invasion of Cuba Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev deployedShow MoreRelatedThe Cold War and Its Effect on The History of America Essay1706 Words   |  7 Pages The Cold War was the ideological conflict between the two superpowers of the world, the democratic United States of America and the communist Soviet Union. For over fifty years the two superpowers fought each other indirectly for power and control of the world. The Cold War started after the end of the Second World War in 1945 when the eyes of both superpowers were no longer looking at Nazi Germany, but instead at each other and the fate of the rest of the world. The Cold War began after the SecondRead MoreEffects Of The Cold War On The World1572 Words   |  7 PagesNguyen The Cold War was a time of conflict that occurred somewhere around 1945 and 1990 although some International scholars held the thought that the Cold War began in 1917 Russian disclosure in any case, it was between the USA and its allies mostly the Western nations and the Eastern coalition led by the USSR however, the two forces did not battle or utilized weapons against one another, it was battled through Nuclear Arms race, intermediary wars, ideological impact and propaganda war and in thisRead MoreThe Cold War On American Culture Essay1489 Words   |  6 PagesThe Cold War was a pivotal time in American history. To a greater degree than most other wars, the Cold War affected American society in unfathomable and profound ways. More specifically, American culture transformed immensely during this time. 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Maslow s Theory Of The Hierarchy Of Needs - 925 Words

Abraham Maslow’s theory of the hierarchy of needs is an arrangement of the innate needs that motivate behavior, from the strongest needs at the bottom to the weakest needs at the top. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs has five levels. The bottom level is Psychological in which you worry about getting enough food, sex, sleep,homeostasis, breathing, water, and excretion. The second bottom level is Safety in which you mostly need safety of house, employment, body, morality, family, health, resources, and property. The middle level is love/belonging in which you need friendship, family, and sexual intimacy. The second top level is esteem in which you need self-esteem, confidence, achievement, respect of others, and respect by others. The top most level is self actualization in which you need morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem solving, lack of prejudice, and acceptance of facts. Self-actualization is the fullest realization of a person’s potential. As you move up in the hierarchy, the needs become more human and less basic. This paper is about the movie, Gran Torino, an American fiction movie that was released in the year 2008. The movie starts off with Mr. Walt Kowalski who just lost his wife and is a Korean War veteran who s also detached from his childrens. He lived in Michigan neighborhood in Detroit where he is surrounded by poor Asian Immigrant families and it’s a commonplace for gang violence. He becomes an altruistic person since he died for a boy who he cared a lotShow MoreRelatedMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs Theory Essay1464 Words   |  6 PagesAbraham Maslow Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory has made a major impact in education and within classroom management within our schools. Maslow takes on a holistic approach to education and learning. He looks at the entire physical, emotional, social, and intellectual qualities of an individual and how they impact on learning. According to Maslow s hierarchy theory, the work of the classroom teacher is obvious. Before a student s cognitive needs can be met they must first fulfill their basicRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs Theory947 Words   |  4 Pagesmany theories of the motivation of a human being. For this paper, the authors will look at the motivation of Theodore Roosevelt to fulfill Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. We will look how President Roosevelt was motivated to act throughout his life through each stage of the Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Maslow’s Theory The Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs theory is a theory that attempts to summarize motivation. Maslow’s theory is a biopsychosocial theory of motivation. A biopsychosocial theory meansRead MoreThe Theory Of Maslow s Hierarchy Of Needs2476 Words   |  10 Pagestheorists are Maslow and Herzberg. Maslow talks about a hierarchy of needs, this includes, Basic Needs, Safety Security Needs, Social or Group Needs, Self Esteem and Self Fulfilment. Below is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs that he has built his theory around. Maslow says that the basic needs include air, food, drink, shelter, warmth and sleep. Maslow sees these needs as vital to human being in order for the human to survive. Maslow sees basic needs as the most important needs that need to be met forRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs Theory2690 Words   |  11 Pagesit; Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory, McGregor’s Theory X and Y, Herzberg s Two Factor Theory, and McClelland s Theory of Needs. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory looks at a pyramid to describe human’s essential needs and the order they need to be satisfied in. McGregor’s Theory X and Y look at two types of employees, theory x employees and theory y employees. These employees have certain characteristics that go with them. The next theory is Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory. This theory looks at jobRead MoreMaslow S Theory Of Motivation And Hierarchy Of Needs2239 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿ Maslow s Hierarchy of Needs Theory Pablo Valdez Liberty University Abstract Abraham Maslow introduced a very simple way of understanding the needs of a person. The Hierarchy of Needs sorts the needs of the lowest and most basic levels to the higher levels. Maslow then arises within their theory of personality, the concept of hierarchy of needs, which needs are structurally organized with varying degrees of power, according to a biological determination given by our genetic makeupRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs Theory1021 Words   |  5 Pagesvariety of needs. Consequently, I prefer the Hierarchy of Needs Theory over the other two (Herzberg Two-Factor and McClelland’s Acquired Needs) content motivation theories. According to Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory, human beings require five levels of needs which are lowest to highest: Physiological, Safety and Security, Love (social), Esteem, and Self-Actualization Needs (Robbins Judge, 2015). The upper needs are most often ignored or less significant until the lower needs are fulfille dRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs Theory953 Words   |  4 Pagespsychology need of the employee. Kinicki and Fugate (2012) introduces Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory as being originally based on research conducted on phobic individuals. PBS (n.d.) defines Maslow’s work as that which is contradictory to those before his, and is determined to understand a human’s positive mental state. Maslow argued that the human psyche is tiered, not unlike a step ladder and the completion of one step preambles another. Maslow’s Hierarchy outlines the basic needs as physiologicalRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs Theory922 Words   |  4 Pagesis this the best option? In Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory, an individual’s motivation is dependent on their needs and that these needs have an order in which they must be satisfied (Daft, 2014, p. 230). Within Maslow’s theory, we can place monetary incentives in the â€Å"lower needs† category. This category must be satisfied before other needs can be satisfied. When employers look at rewards they need to try to meet both â€Å"lower and â€Å"higher† level needs. Rewards are categorized as either; intrinsicRead MoreMaslow s Theory Of The Hierarchy Of Needs905 Words   |  4 PagesAbraham Maslow developed the hierarchy of needs in 1940. â€Å"Maslow deserves credit for bringing a more holistic, humanistic, and positive approach to the study of human motivation† (McShane Von Glinow, 2014, p.90). Maslow took several steps in studying human motivation. He first started with a holistic approach. He explained that human needs should be studied in groups. People are dependent on those around them, which implies that people drive each other’s behaviors and needs. Second, he studiedRead MoreThe Theory And Maslow s Need Hierarchy Theory1445 Words   |  6 Pagesof my paper will relate the Glass Ceiling concept to two theories – the Equity Theory and Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Theory. The Equity Theory The Equity Theory can be defined as â€Å"a model of motivation that explains how people strive for fairness and justice in social exchanges or give-and-take relationships† (Kinicki Fugate, 2016, p. 156). In an article written by Al-Zawahreh Al-Madi (2012), a noteworthy factor about the Equity Theory is that, â€Å"The fairness of exchange between employees and